Kodi kumanga zitsulo ndizotheka kapena ayi?

Monga njira yomangira yatsopano yamakono, nyumba yochitira misonkhano yazitsulo yalandira chidwi kwambiri pamsika waku China m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo zabwino zake ndi kuthekera kwake zakhala zikukambidwa kwambiri.

I. Kodi nyumba yosonkhanitsira zitsulo ndi chiyani?

Nyumba yomanga zitsulo imatanthawuza njira yomangira yomwe imatengera kukhazikitsidwa kwa fakitale ndikusonkhanitsira pamalopo ndikugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo ngati chotengera chachikulu. Chinthu chachikulu cha nyumbayi ndi chakuti zitsulo zimapangidwira kale mu fakitale ndipo zimayendetsedwa bwino ndi kuyesedwa kwabwino, ndiyeno nyumba yonseyo imatsirizidwa kudzera mumayendedwe ndi msonkhano wapamalo. Poyerekeza ndi nyumba yachikhalidwe ya njerwa-konkriti, nyumba yosungiramo zitsulo imakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka, zowuma komanso zokhazikika, ndipo zimatha kunyamula katundu wambiri, pamene liwiro la zomangamanga liri mofulumira, mtengo wake ndi wotsika, ndipo uli ndi chitetezo chabwino cha chilengedwe ndi kukhazikika.

II.Makhalidwe a nyumba yosonkhanitsa zitsulo

1. Mphamvu zazikulu ndi kukhazikika:

Chitsulo chopangidwa ndi nyumba yomangidwa chimatenga chitsulo ngati chotengera, chomwe chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kuuma. Komanso, chifukwa chitsulo chimakhala ndi pulasitiki, chimatha kukhala chokhazikika ngakhale pansi pa chilengedwe choopsa monga zivomezi kapena mphepo yamkuntho.

2. Kuthamanga kwachangu:

Nyumba yochitira msonkhano wazitsulo imatha kupangidwa kale mufakitale ndikusonkhanitsidwa pamalopo, zomwe zimafupikitsa nthawi yomanga ndi nthawi. Popeza palibe chifukwa chothira konkire kapena kumanga makoma pamalopo, kumachepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa malo a malo ndi kufunikira kwa anthu.

3. Mtengo wotsika:

Chitsulo kamangidwe msonkhano nyumba utenga njira ya fakitale prefabrication ndi pa malo msonkhano, amene angathe kuzindikira kulamulira mtengo mu ndondomeko kupanga ndi mayendedwe, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, akhoza kupulumutsa ndalama zambiri za anthu ndi zinthu pomanga ndondomeko.

4. Chitetezo chabwino cha chilengedwe:

Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zitsulo zopangira zitsulo zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro lachitukuko chokhazikika. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza nyumba zomangidwa kale zimatha kuzindikira kupulumutsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito, nyumba zophatikiza zitsulo zimathanso kusunga mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe.

III.Kukula kogwiritsa ntchito nyumba yopangira zitsulo

Kukula kogwiritsa ntchito nyumba yomangidwa ndichitsulo ndi yotakata, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamafakitale, malo okhala ndi malonda. Pankhani yamafakitale, nyumba yopangira zitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, malo osungiramo zinthu ndi madera ena chifukwa ili ndi zabwino zamphamvu, kuthamanga kwachangu komanso mtengo wotsika. M'dera lokhalamo, mawonekedwe a zitsulo zomangidwa ndi nyumba amawonekera bwino chifukwa cha zofunikira za anthu zapamwamba komanso zapamwamba pa moyo wabwino.

Pakalipano, m'munda wamalonda, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zachitsulo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'masitolo akuluakulu, mahotela, maholo owonetserako ndi ntchito zina zazikulu zamalonda.

IV. Ubwino ndi Kuipa Kwa Nyumba Yophatikiza Zitsulo Zomangamanga

1. Ubwino

(1) Mphamvu zazikulu ndi kukhazikika:

Kapangidwe kachitsulo kamangidwe kanyumba kamakhala ndi chitsulo monga chotengera chachikulu, chomwe chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kuuma ndipo chimatha kupirira katundu waukulu.

(2) Kuthamanga kwachangu:

Kukonzekera koyambirira ndi msonkhano wapamalo kumatha kufupikitsa nthawi yomanga ndi nthawi.

(3) Mtengo wotsika:

Kupyolera mu njira yopangira fakitale ndi msonkhano wapamalo, kuwongolera mtengo kumatha kuchitika, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, ndalama zambiri zogwirira ntchito ndi zakuthupi zitha kupulumutsidwa pakumanga.

(4) Chitetezo chabwino cha chilengedwe:

Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zitsulo zopangira zitsulo zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro lachitukuko chokhazikika, ndikupulumutsa mphamvu zambiri ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe.

2. Kuipa

(1) Mapangidwe ovuta:

Popeza nyumba yachitsulo yosonkhanitsidwa iyenera kuganizira momwe ntchito yonse ikuyendera komanso chitetezo, ndizovuta kupanga ndipo zimafuna akatswiri oyenerera kuti akhale ndi chidziwitso chapamwamba komanso chidziwitso.

(2) Kuvuta kuyang'anira ntchito yabwino:

Chifukwa cha kukonzedweratu ndi kusonkhana pamalo, ntchito yomangayi imafuna kuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira khalidwe labwino.

(3) Mitengo yachitsulo yapamwamba:

Mtengo wazitsulo ndi wokwera kwambiri, choncho mtengo womanga nyumba yopangira zitsulo ndi wokwera kwambiri.

(4) Coefficient yayikulu yakukulitsa kutentha:

Coefficient of thermal expansion of zitsulo ndi yaikulu, choncho iyenera kuganiziridwa bwino pakupanga ndi kupanga mapangidwe kuti apewe ngozi zomwe zingatheke.

V. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera

Kuchokera pamalingaliro othandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba yomanga zitsulo zachitsulo kwalimbikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono pamsika waku China. Ndi chithandizo cha ndondomeko ndi msika, mabizinesi ochulukirapo ayamba kuchita nawo ntchitoyi, yomwe yalimbikitsa chitukuko chofulumira cha chitsanzo chomanga ichi.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, malo okwana zitsulo zomangidwa ku China afika pa 120 miliyoni masikweya mita mu 2019, kupitilira 50% pachaka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, muzochitika zina zapadera, monga zivomezi, moto ndi malo ena a masoka, nyumba zachitsulo zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zimasonyezanso bwino zivomezi ndi kukana moto.

VI. Mapeto

Mwachidule, zitsulo zomanga nyumba zomangidwa zili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zambiri. Monga bizinesi yomwe ikubwera, nyumba zomangidwa ndizitsulo ziyenera kukonzedwanso kuti zithandizire bwino moyo wa anthu ndi chitukuko. M'tsogolomu, ndi kukonzanso mosalekeza kwa ndondomeko, msika ndi luso, akukhulupirira kuti zitsulo kapangidwe anasonkhana nyumba adzakhala ndi udindo wofunika kwambiri mu msika yomanga China ndi kukhala gawo lofunika kwambiri mu munda wamakono zomangamanga.