Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu za truss1

Nyumba zachitsulo ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yosunthika pamabizinesi m'mafakitale onse.Tikugwiritsa ntchito nyumba zomangira zitsulo monga nyumba zosungiramo zitsulo ndi nyumba zamafelemu azitsulo, tiyeneranso kumvetsetsa zomwe zimakhudza zida zamapangidwe azitsulo.

1, Chemical zikuchokera

• Mpweya:chigawo chachikulu cha mphamvu zachitsulo. Kupita patsogolo kwa mpweya, mphamvu yachitsulo ikupita patsogolo, koma pamodzi ndi pulasitiki yachitsulo, kukana, kuzizira kozizira, kusungunuka ndi kukana dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri kungachepetsedwe, makamaka pa kutentha kochepa pansi pa kukana kungathenso kuchepetsedwa.
• Manganese ndi silicon:zinthu zabwino mu chitsulo, ndi deoxidizers, akhoza kusintha mphamvu, koma osati pulasitiki kwambiri ndi kukana mphamvu.
• Vanadium, niobium, titaniyamu:alloying zinthu mu zitsulo, onse kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya chitsulo, komanso kukhalabe plasticity kwambiri, kukana.
• Aluminiyamu:deoxidizer yamphamvu, yokhala ndi aluminiyamu yopangira deoxidation, imatha kuchepetsa ma oxide owopsa muzitsulo.
• Chromium ndi faifi tambala:alloying zinthu kusintha mphamvu zitsulo.
• Sulphur ndi phosphorous:zonyansa zotsalira muzitsulo panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zinthu zovulaza. Iwo amachepetsa pulasitiki, kukana, weldability ndi kutopa mphamvu ya chitsulo. Sulfure amatha kupanga chitsulo "chotentha kwambiri", phosphorous imapangitsa chitsulo "chozizira kwambiri".
• "Hot brittle":sulfure akhoza kupanga zosavuta kusungunula chitsulo sulfide, pamene ntchito yotentha ndi kuwotcherera kuti kutentha kwa 800 ~ 1000 ℃, kotero kuti chitsulo amapereka ming'alu, Chimaona maonekedwe Chimaona.
• "Cold brittle":pa kutentha otsika, phosphorous imapangitsa chitsulo kukhudza kukana utachepa kwambiri mu chodabwitsa.
• Oxygen ndi nitrogen:zonyansa zovulaza muzitsulo. Oxygen imatha kupanga chitsulo chotentha kwambiri, nayitrogeni imatha kupanga chitsulo chozizira kwambiri.

2, Impact of metallurgical zoperewera

Zovuta zodziwika bwino zazitsulo zimaphatikizapo kulekanitsa, kusakanizidwa kwazitsulo, porosity, ming'alu, delamination, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimawononga ntchito yachitsulo.

3, Kuwumitsa zitsulo

Cold kujambula, ozizira kupinda, kukhomerera, makina kukameta ubweya ndi ntchito zina ozizira kuti zitsulo ndi mapindikidwe chachikulu pulasitiki, ndiyeno kusintha zokolola mfundo zitsulo, pamodzi ndi kuchepa kwa plasticity ndi kukana zitsulo, chodabwitsa ichi amadziwika kuti kuzizira kouma kapena kuuma kwamphamvu.

4, kutentha kwenikweni

Chitsulo chimakhudzidwa moyenerera ndi kutentha, ndipo zonse zimawonjezeka ndi kutsika kutentha zimapangitsa kusintha kwachitsulo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ntchito yotsika ya kutentha kwachitsulo ndi yofunika kwambiri.

Pamlingo wabwino wa kutentha, zomwe zimachitika ndikutsata kukwera kwa kutentha, mphamvu yachitsulo imachepa, mapindikidwe amawonjezeka. Pafupifupi 200 ℃ mkati mwa ntchito yachitsulo sichimasintha kwambiri, 430 ~ 540 ℃ pakati pa mphamvu (zopatsa mphamvu ndi mphamvu zamakokedwe) kuchepa kwakukulu; mpaka 600 ℃ pamene mphamvu ndi yochepa kwambiri sangathe kunyamula katundu.

Komanso, 250 ℃ pafupi buluu Chimaona chodabwitsa, pafupifupi 260 ~ 320 ℃ pamene pali chokwawa chodabwitsa.